Why it happens
Potatoes are full of starch held inside cells. Gentle mashing breaks the potato up without bursting too many of these cells. Using a food processor or blender, or beating the potatoes too hard, ruptures the cells and releases a lot of starch, which makes the mash gluey. Waxy potatoes and potatoes that are mashed cold are more likely to turn gummy, and after the starch is released it can't be put back.